Shakespeare’s play Essay

Investigate the sensational procedures utilized by Henry V to motivate his men before the skirmish of Agincourt. William Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Henry V† is set in 1415, when Henry becomes King Henry V of England. As a youngster Henry delighted in drinking and the organization of ladies. At the point when he became King Henry transformed, he needed to be paid attention to and to be dealt with like a grown-up, so he quit any pretense of drinking. Henry was irate and offended by a birthday present of a case of tennis balls from the King of France, Henry thought the King of France was proposing that he was as yet a kid and not a man fit for administering England. To demonstrate he was a man Henry requested the intrusion of France. Henry’s first fight was the Siege of Horfieur Henry V where he enlivened his soldiers with a discourse before driving them into fight. Henry said they needed to act like tigers and show no dread just quality. The following fight was the Battle of Agincourt, Henry’s troops were depleted after their last fight and were out numbered five to one. Be that as it may, Henry attempts to rouse them again for the last time he begins speaking drastically about death, â€Å"if we are set apart beyond words, are sufficient to do our nation misfortune. † I think he is stating that on the off chance that the English are intended to lose the fight, at that point it is better that they bite the dust, than thousands more on the off chance that they sit tight for help. At that point he proceeds to state, â€Å"if to live, the less men, the more noteworthy the portion of honour† in the event that they battle quite possibly just a couple of will endure and these couple of men will have picked up respect. After this he quits discussing passing and endeavors to be increasingly positive and attempts to get his soldiers neither here nor there of death and to consider the respect that will accomplish. Henry endeavors to make them closer and attempts to join them as a family, by saying, â€Å"I who doth feed upon my cost† and â€Å"It longs me not if mean my pieces of clothing wear† which implies that he wouldn't fret paying for them all to eat and he likewise isn't troubled in the event that they wear his garments. Henry additionally clarified that any one who would not like to battle that was allowed to leave, when he stated, â€Å"That he which hath no stomach to this battle let him withdraw. His identification will be made and crowns for the caravan put into his purse†. I imagine that by saying this Henry implies that any of his soldiers is allowed to go, he will even give them cash to return home, yet on the off chance that any pick this choice, at that point they would be surrendering their opportunity for respect. What's more, individuals would recall them as men who were not masculine enough to go into fight. Henry proceeds with his discourse by reminding his soldiers that, â€Å"This day is known as the Feast of Crispian†, this is a Saint’s day that the English would have celebrated with a dining experience. Henry says that â€Å"He that outlasts this day and comes safe home. Will stand a-pussyfoot when this day is named, And stir him at the name of Crispian† he is telling his soldiers that when the praise the Feast of Crispian they will consistently recollect the fight and remind themselves by demonstrating their old scars to neighbors and companions since men that were not in the fight would not recall it however those that participated would consistently recall it, â€Å"Then will he strip his sleeve and show his vehicles, And state â€Å"These wounds I had on Crispin’s day†. Elderly people men overlook, yet all will be overlooked. Be that as it may, he’ll recall, with advantages†. Henry makes reference to a portion of his soldiers by name â€Å"Harry the lord, Bedford and Exeter, Warwick and Talbot, Salisbury and Gloucester†, at that point offers a toast to them, â€Å"Be in their streaming cups newly remembered†. By utilizing their names I feel Henry causes it to appear as though the discourse is coordinated to the soldiers exclusively and by and by this causes them to feel unique and enlivened them to battle more earnestly for Henry. Again Henry utilizes this strategy to cause his soldiers to feel that they are a piece of his family that he is one of them by saying, â€Å"But we in it will be recalled. We few, we glad few, we band of brothers†. Henry proceeds to state, â€Å"For he today that shed his blood with me. Will be my sibling; be he ne’er so vile†, by saying this Henry was guaranteeing that any of his soldiers who were harmed in the fight would be motivated to continue battling on the grounds that Henry would view them as his sibling. Henry closes his discourse by saying, â€Å"And refined men in England, presently abed, will think themselves detestable they were not here, And hold their masculinities modest whiles any speaks†, by state this he is moving his soldiers that they are all the more masculine and should feel regarded to be battling today as any man in England that had missed the fight and remained at home would feel embarrassed when they knew about the incredible triumph and thusly feel less masculine. The clash of Agincourt was an extraordinary triumph for the Henry’s tired English soldiers, they conquered incredible chances to win. I feel that Henry utilized this sensational discourse in the play to persuade and move the English soldiers on to triumph against the French by lifting their spirits, promising them significant privilege, likewise by causing them to feel some portion of his family, practically like siblings battling one next to the other and by promising them a fight they could always remember.

Quantitative Decision Making-Inventory Control Models Essay

Quantitative Decision Making-Inventory Control Models - Essay Example Certain markers reveal to us how stock levels have been overseen, as expressed by Fleet-administration specialist Roger Thompson, VP, the executives, armada and offices with Bucher, Willis and Ratliff Corp (Skipper 1). Roger Thomson has discovered some normal parameters on controlling stock levels, which can be utilized to armadas over the edge regardless of the business division they serve. Highest need is to locate the significant portion of the parts loaded. What makes a difference is the dollar estimation of parts discharged from stock isolated by the dollar estimation of all parts discharged off late. There ought to be likelihood of around 50 or 60 percent of the time the stock part is accessible. On the off chance that it isn't in this way, at that point positively things need to change. On the off chance that the accessibility of the part is very high, state close to 98 percent, it is an indication of overloading of that part (Skipper 1). Another parameter of keeping up the co rrect stock is the stock development rate. On the off chance that the quantity of stock lines with no exit in the past a year is isolated by number of stock lines, it ought not be in excess of 5 percent (Skipper 1). One of the main parameters of all around controlled stock is the stock turn rate, as per Thompson, which can be shown up at by inferring the estimation of all parts discharged from the stock keeping unit and partitioning it by the dollar measure of normal yearly stock (Skipper 1).

Campbell Soup Employee Engagement Essay

Douglas Conant, the CEO of Campbell Soup Co. examined the significance of representative commitment and how Campbell’s procedure to focus on this measurement paid off for their organization. Conant took over in 2001 when Campbell’s was near a takeover and its soup deals had radically declined in the midst of wild rivalry. Moreover, a portion of its best representatives had left the organization instead of hold up out the tough occasions. Conant perceived that of the considerable number of components identified with corporate culture, representative commitment was the most exceptionally associated to investor returns. Consequently, to make something happen, Conant executed the Campbell Promise of â€Å"Campbell Valuing People, People Valuing Campbell† with the procedure that: â€Å"To win in the commercial center, we trust you should initially win in the working environment. I’m fixated on keeping worker commitment up front and keeping up vitality around it. † In 2002 Conant recruited the assistance of Gallup, a surveying and research firm, to all the more likely comprehend his company’s commitment levels. Gallup found that 62% of Campbell’s chiefs were not effectively occupied with their employments and 12% were effectively withdrawn. Those numbers were a portion of the most exceedingly terrible for any Fortune 500 firm at any point surveyed. By Gallup gauges the perfect degree of worker commitment is to have a proportion of 12 effectively drew in representatives for each withdrew worker. Campbell’s proportion was just 2:1; that is, just 2 effectively drew in workers for each separated representative. Procedures to Motivate and Engage Employees †¢Bring down hindrances, actually †Conant had spiked metal perimeter expelled from Campbell’s Camden, NJ office to make charming workplace †¢Promoting from inside †supplanted 300 of the company’s 350 pioneers half of whom were advanced from inside the organization. This â€Å"changed the way of life and communicated something specific that couple of could disregard. † †¢Annual studies of each of the 580 work bunches all the while †chiefs survey the outcomes with their immediate reports and everybody is refreshed on their advancement identified with explicit objectives. Pioneers are estimated on their capacity to motivate trust in people around them. †¢Recognition Events †celebrate at a significant level when individuals do things well. †¢CEO’s affirmation †Conant conveys around 20 cards to say thanks a day to staff members, on all levels. Open correspondence †like clockwork CEO eats with a gathering of twelve or so workers to get their viewpoint on the business, to deliver issues and to get criticism.

Reflect And Complicate Ideas Of Genre In Film Studies - 825 Words

How Does A Nightmare On Elm Street Reflect And Complicate Ideas Of Genre In Film Studies? (Essay Sample) Content: How does A Nightmare on Elm Street reflect and complicate ideas of genre in film Studies?A Nightmare on Elm Street is a typical slasher film that is characterized by the bizarre, fantasies which breaks the boundaries of the genre's conventional principles. Surreal fantasies and horror have long been intertwined, partially due to the fact that the bizarre scenes of early horror movies were entertaining to surrealists who viewed them as breaking conventions and rules, challenging sexual customs, and otherwise involving in the schemes of unorthodox scenes which they valued so highly. Despite the fact that Pinedo (25) argues, that horror films represent real nightmares whose underlying sense of anxiety both hides and typifies the desire to satisfy and be apprehended for certain universally unacceptable urges, most of these kinds of films, particularly those choreographed in the US, are in fact built on a premise of rationality that somewhat explains the horror, either thr ough the divine as projected by religion or through science gone wrong. Hence, although horror factors in the aspects of the surreal by way of monstrosity and utter dread, few horror films challenge the primary idea of logical explanation and thus the prospect of preventing the evil.The film A Nightmare on Elm Street does in many ways breaks the conventional genre boundaries by allowing surreal to permeate through the slasher film plotting process, bringing about the elements of surrealism that can only be described through dream logic that is fundamentally changing, and impedingly transient.This fantastical aspect, in turn, makes it a good example of Pinedos emphasis on movies as mixed genres evolving out of conceptual paradoxes, which in the horror scene is revealed unashamedly in the weird urge to be terrified and entertained simultaneously. It is also crucial to acknowledge that A Nightmare on Elm Street was scripted and directed by Craven W., who was already popular in the 70s euphoria of low-cost, liberated horror videos, most remarkably as playwright and producer of The Last House on the Left and The Hills Have Eyes movies, both of which apply terror scene to downplay assumptions about the element of class and the role violence plays in society. As Pinedo (147) describes them, the two movies have shared notion of barbarism sweeping through bourgeois tenets of American society often celebrated by genre art.In A Nightmare on Elm Street, the director of the movie advances the theme of terror and horror in an even more overt manner, and it is for this motive that the succeeding nightmare movies, which primarily discard Craven's intricate treatment of viciousness in favor horror inclinations, has little interest in this examination. Having proved that A Nightmare on Elm Street is one of the popular horror movies of the 80s that is both a complex-to-categorize genre and a subset of an auteur with a particular emphasis on the negative contribution of violence to the society, the remaining part of the essay explores the different ways in which the film contravenes or defies ideological aspects of the conventional genre as witnessed through monstrosity, identification and gender.As explained earlier, A Nightmare on Elm Street film is a unique horror scene that combines aspects of the supernatural, particularly the concept of bodily ownership, into a universal slasher plot. The element of drama involving the possession in the film often leads to the process of bodily transformation: the casting away of disbelief, the celebration of the supernatural or the irrational which is apparent throughout the film as its youthful protagonists, specifically Nancy Thompson and her lover Glen battle to accept the fact that Freddy Krueger the dreadful figure that appears in their nightmares, was actually a spiritual being with the power not just to bully them but to destroy them. It is only after they come to terms with this fact, that they spend much th e time in the scene to convince the people around them to believe it as well, especially Nancy's dad, the local sheriff.From the film it shows that the grownups never recognize Freddy's whimsical existence; hence, like most grownups in slasher movies, they are made impotent in relation to helping the youthful victims to run away from death. Nevertheless, contrary to most supernatural films, the Nightmare on Elm Street movies does not in fact adapt to the general gender term of a woman in the grip of the spiritual as the cover narrative for a male in problems that leads to his ultimate feminization via acknowledging the existence of the higher power. Rather, it fights-back easy gendering by mixing aspect of the bodily ownership and slasher cinemas.Initially it looks like the young ladies are more easily convinced into believing in Freddy's supernatural existence, specifically because Rod, the bravest of the male actors, remains skeptical until his lover Tina is murdered by Freddy whi le he was laying in bed with her. Nevertheless, Glen muddles these gender issues in the manner he comes to terms with it. On the other hand, Nancy does not have to persuade him; at some point haphazardly, he persuades himself. Whereas this might be perceived as a "feminization" of his personality, it ought to be noted that Glen is never understood in specific masculine terms anywhere in the movies. That is something that is reserved exclusively for Rod. Thus, A Nightmare on Elm Street is not so explicitly dubbed "female" on its surface since both women and men are embrace Freddy's ownership of their dreams, even though the movies still ends with a Final Girl.The surreal element in the film A Nightmare on Elm Street gives the power to Freddy Krueger to be existent in the subconscious minds of his victims, implying that he is not so much an outside monster who goes back to a particular place for revenge or even a beast who lives in a marginalized location into which the youthful victi ms come across like the case of the Sawyer household in the film The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. Instead, Freddy represent a monster of interiority, which has significant consequences throughout the movies for the purpose of identifying himself.Freddy's position as a beast of interiority modifies the framework of identification since Freddy is actually ubiquitous within his followers subconscious mind. He can be both anywhere and nowhere at the same time, which is something is utterly not possible to capture with normal video camera shots. He is able to be concurrently on both worlds at the same time, which is portrayed in Tina's dream when she is depicted running from the monster on the left part of the cliff, only to find on the right side. The difficulty of using a normal camera to capture Freddy's simultaneous is of great importance for the Nightmare on Elm Street movies because, according to Pinedo (234), the most popular camera scenes in these videos is the view site taken from the murders perspective. This view has also been used a lot in the beginning of the Halloween movies.The genre's application of the killer perspective shot has been the core of much denigration, particularly from feminist antagonists, who claim that it is designed to align the viewers with the murderer, hence giving the audiences pleasure in indirectly engaging in sadistic manslaughter, especially of young lady. Pinedo (267) has systematically criticized this thesis by interrogating the equation between a perspective shot and bold identification and also by proposing that similarly held central camera still works to stabilize the identity. However, Pinedo (268) still holds that the assassin point-of-view camera shot, as she refers to it, is an outstanding methodic aspect of the genre.In actual sense, there are only two scene in the whole of A Nightmare on Elm Street that are from the killers view point, both of which are relatively short and applied only in chase series, but never d uring an assassination. As a matter of fact, the two killer view point shots are unique as they do not conform to the rest of the movies overall filmic strategy, which depends more on unbiased, isolated camerawork that stresses the honesty of the fantasy rather than a subjective, biased perspective. The movies in fact appears to be deliberately working against any clear identification with the monster via the camerawork. The director of the movie depends more on portraying the beasts presence without overtly proving it. Therefore, we end up with several quick scenes of Freddy's shinning eyes peeping in through pipes, or his sharp nails digging through the wall of a building, or a quick flash of movement in one side of the frame that might the figment of the audience's fantasies. The outcome of this tactic is that the identification process is made even more intricate than in most horror movies where burden of proof of identity constantly alternating between the monster and the victi ms.In the Nightmare on Elm Street film there is no changing of persona since to affiliate with the beast is, somehow to identify concurrently with the victim and opposite is true as well. Due to the lack of focused camera shots from the killers stand point, and his physical disintegration by flash cuts and images of his presence, he is made abject.Just like conception and uterine scene, Freddy's abject position (in Pinedos own version) acts with outside-inside peculiarities. As Pinedo (68) suggests, the idea of outside-inside is suggestive of two exteriors that fold in on one another; the job of differentiating outside from inside looks like an impossible mission since each surface backs to the opposite side. The effect is that it will be impossible to banish the image portrayed.Even though in the film killers and villains share definite gender qualities and an ability to employ violence, they still...

Glucose tolerance test - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2010 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Health Essay Type Essay any type Tags: Tolerance Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Carbohydrate forms the principle source of energy. Usually polysaccharide (starch and glycogen) which are glucose units joined by a-glucosidic links and disaccharides (sucrose and lactose) the main dietary carbohydrate. Carbohydrate absorption must be presented to the intestinal epithelium in monosaccharide from mainly glucose and therefore digestion must precede absorption. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Glucose tolerance test" essay for you Create order Glucose gained a significant importance because brain cells are very dependent on it as it is sole source of energy supply. Red blood cells also depend on glucose to carry out their functions. Therefore the blood glucose concentration must be maintained within relative narrow range. After a carbohydrate-containing meal, glucose is transported in the portal blood to the liver, which takes up 60% of the glucose load. Consequently, a rise in the blood glucose concentration causes the release of insulin which will increase the entry of excess glucose into the liver where it is stored in form of glycogen. The normal plasma glucose concentration remains between 4.5 and 11 mmol/L, despite the intermittent load entering the body from the gastrointestinal tract. The maintenance of plasma glucose concentration below 11 mmol/L minimizes loss from the body as well as providing the optimal supply to the brain. Mayne, (1994). All the filtered glucose through glomeruli is reabsorbed in the pr oximal tubules. Therefore no glucose should be detected in urine; significant glycosuria occurs if the plasma glucose concentration exceeds 11 mmol/L. The two most important hormones in glucose homoeostasis are insulin and glucagon. Insulin is a 53 amino acid polypeptide, secreted by the ?-cells in the islet langerhans of the pancreas in response to a rise in the blood glucose concentration. Insulin stimulates glycogen synthesis and inhibits glycogenolysis through interaction with an exquisitely coordinated control mechanism that is central to the regulation of blood glucose concentration. Glucagon is a 29 amino acid polypeptide secreted by the ?-cells of the pancreatic islet. Its secretion is decreased by a rise in the blood glucose concentration. The action of glucagon is opposite those of insulin. It stimulates hepatic glycogenolysis through activation of glycogen phosphorylase, gluconeogenesis, lipolysis and ketogenesis. Marshell, (2000). The world health organization (WHO ) defined diabetes on the basis of laboratory findings as a fasting venous plasma glucose concentration greater than 7.8 mmol/L and greater than 11.1 mmol/L two hours after the oral ingestion of the equivalent of 75g of glucose even the fasting concentration is normal. Mayne, (1994). Diabetes mellitus classified in two types; insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM type-1) where there is a defective insulin secretion. This condition presents in childhood or early adulthood (less than 20 years). Because of insulin deficiency, hyperglycaemia is very likely to occur. As a result glucose will leak to urine (glycosuria) because the plasma glucose concentration exceeds the renal threshold (10 mmol/l). Other consequences related to this condition are polyuria (frequent urination), glucose lost in urine draw water with it by osmosis producing osmotic diuresis characterized by polyuria. The excess fluid lost from the body leads to dehydration and thirst which is a compensatory mechanism to countera ct the dehydration. One of severe metabolic complication that may occur in this condition is ketoacidosis; there is increased lipid and protein breakdown, enhanced hepatic gluconeogenesis and impaired glucose into cells. Marshall, (2000). In this condition insulin doses are required for the treatment. The causes of the type I diabetes can be an autoimmune where the islet cell antibodies react specifically with the ?-cells, or viral infection that destroy the ?-cells of pancreatic islet. Individual with certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types have been shown to carry a particular high risk of developing type I diabetes. In type II diabetes, non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), obesity is the biggest risk factor, 90% of type II diabetes are obese and it is occurs in the late onset. In this condition ?-cells of islet langerhans are normal which means that there will be a normal insulin concentration and sometimes high in the blood. Also the sensitivity of insulins target cells reduced. The cause of reduced remains elusive, recent research suggest that adipose tissue cells secrete a hormone known as resistin, which interfere with insulin action in experimental animal. This could be an important link between obesity and insulin resistance. Resistin is distinct from leptin, the hormone secreted by adipose cells that plays a role in controlling food intake. (Kumar Clark, 2002). Treatment of this condition by dietary control and weight loss, exercise, sometimes oral hypoglycaemic drugs required. Other conditions can lead to Diabetes Mellitus such as absolute insulin deficiency due to a pancreatic disease (chronic pancreatitis, haemochromatosis, cystic fibrosis). Relative insulin deficiency, can cause diabetes mellitus due to excessive growth hormone, glucocorticoid secretion, or increased plasma glucocorticoid concentration due to administration of steroids. Also drugs like thiazide diuretics can cause diabetes mellitus. Mayne, (1994). Materials and method Please refer to medical biochemistry practical book (BMS2). Result: The equation obtained fro the calibration curve used to calculate the concentration of glucose in plasma. Y = 0.018 X Where y = absorbance x = glucose concentration Patient 1: P (fasting) = 0.078 / 0.018 = 4.3 mmol/L P (2hrs) = 0.105 / 0.018 = 5.8 mmol/L Patient 2: P (fasting) = 0.113 / 0.018 = 6.2 mmol/L P (2hrs) = 0.105 / 0.018 = 8.3 mmol/L Patient 3 P (fasting) = 0.148 / 0.018 = 8.2 mmol/L P (2hrs) = 0.264 / 0.018 = 14.6 mmol/L Conclusion: Patient 1 is normal Patient 2 has normal fasting glucose level and high value after 2 hours (9.6 mmol/l), so this patient must be retested before diagnosis. Patient 3 is diabetic Discussion The glucose calibration graph showed a good linearity which means that Beers Lambert law is obeyed and the results are accurate. In glucose tolerance test (GTT) the patient is asked to eat normally in t he three days leading up to the test and to be fasting for at least 12 hours. At the end of time the patient is asked to collect urine sample and blood sample is collected. After that, the patient drinks 75g of glucose in 300 ml of water within 5 minutes. After 2 hours, the patient is asked to collect anther urine sample and blood sample is collected. Normally when the patient is fasting, the glucose level should be 5.5 mmol/L and there is no glucose in urine. After the patient is given the sugar, the glucose level in the blood will increase, but in the normal person the glucose concentration should go back to normal within 2 hours and no glucose can be detected in urine. What is happening in the normal person after given glucose is that insulin is produced in high concentration, the glucose is converted into glycogen and then the glycogen is stored in the liver. Finally, insulin concentration also decreases to normal concentration. Whereas, in the diabetic patient the glucose leve l stays high because the insulin is insufficient, not produced or present but not functioning due to a defect in the ?-cells of pancreas. In normal condition, the filtered glucose is completely reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. In Diabetes Mellitus the blood glucose is much above the renal threshold (11 mmol/L), reabsorption becomes saturated and it starts to appear in urine. The presence of glucose in urine is called glucosuria. Glucosuria results in osmatic diuresis that increase water excretion and raises the plasma osmolarity, which in turn stimulates the thirst centre. Osmatic diuresis and theist cause classical signs and symptoms of polyuria (large volume of urine) and polydipsia (excessive thirst). In patient-1, fasting blood glucose (4.3 mmol/L) is within the normal range and no glucose in urine. After 2 hours the blood glucose level is 5.8 mmol/L, which is below 7.8 mmol/L and no glucose in the urine. These mean that this patient is normal. In patient-2, fasting b lood glucose is within the normal range and no glucose in urine. After 2 hours the blood glucose level is 8.3 mmol/L which is slightly high but it is within the normal range of impaired glucose tolerance (7.8- 11.1 mmol/l), whereas urine glucose is negative. This means that this patient must be retested before ending to diagnosis of impaired glucose or any other diagnosis. Many people with impaired glucose tolerance progress to develop diabetes, but this condition can be prevented with adoption of a diabetic-type diet and weight loss (if overweight). Whitby, G, et al, (1988). Patient-3 has high fasting blood glucose level (8.2 mmol/L), and in the urine the glucose is not detected. After 2 hours the glucose concentration did not reduce and it went higher up to 14.6 mmol/L. in addition to that, the urine dipstick showed very strong positive reaction (4+), which indicate that this patient is diabetic. In this patient the glucose concentration was high before the sugar was given. Thi s means that there is a defect in insulin secretion which can not breakdown the glucose and bring to the normal level. The high blood glucose level was due to glycogenolysis, gluconeogesis or high glucose intake. Therefore, this patient may have type-1 Diabetes Mellitus. Questions: What facts should be taken in account when interpreting the results of glucose tolerance test? The facts are: Patient should eat normal diet within 3 days before doing the test. The diet should contain at least 250g of carbohydrate. Patient should be fast over night at least 10-12 hours and does not eat during the test. The 75g of glucose should be dissolved in 300 ml of water and then ask the patient to drink it within 5 minutes after collection of fasting blood sample. A pregnant woman should be given less than 75g of glucose as it may affect the baby. If the amount of glucose given is less than recommended, it will affect the result as the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is standardized procedure. Patient should rest through the test; smoking is not permitted; drink of water is allowed. Blood sample should be collected in container that contains sodium fluoride to inhibit glycolysis. The patient must consult the health care provider if he/she is using medication that can interfere with the test result includes Thiazide diuretics (e.g. hydrochorothiazide), beta-blockers (e.g. prpanolol) oral contraceptive and some psychiatric drugs. There are interfering factors that affect OGTT. There are acute stresses for example, from surgery or infection, and vigorous exercise. Blood glucose rise with age and their renal threshold is increased. Time of sample collection is important (morning). The method we used employed glucose oxidase- name 2 other methods for glucose estimation and describe the principles used. Ortho-toluidine method (mono step): glucose reacts with ortho-toluidine in hot acidic medium to form a green coloured complex. The intensity of the final colour produced is directly proportional to concentration of glucose in the sample. UV-kinetic method: This method also measures the concentration of glucose. The reagent contains ATP, hexokinase, NADP and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzme in ethanol amine buffer (PH 7.5). Why HbA1c a better guide to long term diabetes control than glucose? The determination of plasma and urine glucose provides information about the metabolic status only at the moment. Long term control of glucose can be obtained with relative ease by measuring the amount of particular haemoglobin fraction in red blood cells. The glucose enters the red blood cells and binds the haemoglobin to a very small extent. Altho ugh some of the glucose diffuse from the haemoglobin due to formation of covalent bond, but some of the glucose will react with a particular amino acid in the haemoglobin protein. The haemoglobin/glucose complex has different chemical properties from the haemoglobin, thus it can be separated chromatographic or electrophoresis technique. The estimation of Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) depends on the mean plasma glucose concentration and the life span of red blood cells (RBCs). The normal level of non-diabetic is 6%. Also because it depends on the plasma glucose concentration, HbA1c in diabetic patient tend to be increased over the previous 1- months. The extent of elevation of HbA1c indicates the overall degree of blood glucose control; in poorly controlled diabetes it may rise as high as 25%. Whitby, (1998). So the higher percentage of HbA1c indicates more glucose bound to haemoglobin and hence poor control of diabetic. Subsequently this test is used to asses the quality of the long term control of blood glucose in diabetic patient. Also it examines the patient faithfulness with which he/she followed the health care instruction and the effectiveness of the medication prescribed for treatment.

Ergon, Eudaimonia, Psyche in Artistotle´s De Amina

A pinecone planted upon the plain or mountainside becomes a great forest providing wildlife with food and shelter; from that forest emerges great trees, trees which become lumber and the lumber in the hands of a carpenter that came from a seed to builds homes and vessels for the greater well-being for the world in which he dwells. A carpenter would not forget to build the roof on a house or fail to allow for a doorway to enter the house as each has its own unique function and is necessary for the completion of a house as it is for a family to make the same structure a home. The function of a house is to become a home to a family, as it is the function of the family to contribute to the community and the community to benefit the city and the city to prosper the county and so forth; each in turn having a function to serve and benefit from the lesser to the greater and the greater to the lesser. Aristotle contends in the De Anima that the soul dwells in all living things and therefore a ll living things can know of fear, passions, virtues, and happiness that is found in the Nicomachean Ethics. Should the soul be conformable in the body or shape in which the soul (psyche) dwells and happiness (eudaimonia) issues from that form then all things according to Aristotle have a function (ergon); a function that is necessary for the survival of the species and therefore as the hand is necessary to feed the body; the hand also must procure the food in order to administer to needs of the

Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain. Answer: This essay is about Anne who is a 10 year old girl and has been suffering from right iliac fossa pain. She was taken to a local hospital and was diagnosed with appendicitis. The doctors decided to perform appendectomy. They also found a gangrenous perforated appendix with peritonitis. Due to the severity of infection and the serious complications, she was advised to remain in hospital for 10 days of IV antibiotics and pain management. This essay demonstrates the pathophysiology of appendicitis, growth and developmental theories such as JMD theories which includes psychoanalytical theory by Freud, Piaget theory and Maslows hierarchy of needs theory family centered care and the effects of hospitalization of the patient. This essay is to demonstrate how evidence based information can be implemented into contemporary AustralianNursing practice. Appendicitis occurs due to the obstruction of the lumen of the appendix and it also occurs due to several bacteria such as yersiniaspecies, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, actinomycosis, foreign substances, tumors and tuberculosis. Obstruction involves the filling of lumen distal with mucous which increases to intra luminal and intramural pressure and also causes distension (Cobb, 2017).This results in rapid multiplication of bacteria residing inside the appendix. Bacteria that are most commonly found in the appendix areBacteroides fragilisandEscherichia coli. There are several symptoms such as reflex anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and visceral pain that occur due to the dilatation of the appendix. The small venules and capillaries get affected by thrombosis when the pressure of the lumen becomes more than the venous pressure thus causing and congestion and swelling of the appendix. Inflammation occurs in the serous membrane of appendix which leads to increase in pain. Due to the thromb osis of small arterioles bacteria start leaking out thus leading to the formation of pus inside the appendix (Drake et al., 2014). The pus also forms a layer outside the appendix region. Due to the infection of bacteria and ischemia inflammation occur which results in the death of cells and gangrene. The condition further worsens and results in perforation of the appendix due to gangrenous appendix. It also results in peritonitis which involves swelling of the innermost layer of the abdomen and organs present in it. Perforation of the appendix is most common in younger children as compared to adults. There are several growth and development theories such as JMD theories which includes psychoanalytical theory by Freud. He was the first to identify the development of an individual through several stages such as oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency and Genital stage. This theory played an important role in helping nurses in understanding the behavior and condition of mental health in different patients (Hahn, Coricelli Matteo, 2016).It also helps in understanding different behaviors of patients related to ego and id. Anne belongs to the Latency stage since its range is from 6-12 years so the major development task for her is to focus on relationships. Freud theory helps individuals to accept who they are and improve their health and well being. Piaget theory focuses on the fact that interaction with the environment plays a significant role in the development of human beings. The nurses gain knowledge and understand the main features of developmental psychology and it helps them to assess the stage of development a childhas attained (Mischel, 2013).This helps them accomplishing several tasks of development. Piagets theory has made a significant contribution in understanding the intellectual level and cognitive development in children. Maslows hierarchy of needs theory is a theory of psychology that aims to motivate individuals and is based on a five stage model that includes biological and physiological needs such as air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, and sleep. Safety needs include protection and security, law, stability, order, and freedom from fear (Maslow, 2013).Love and belongingness needs include ,friendship, intimacy, trust and acceptance, receiving and giving love and affection, social interaction among family, friends, and work. Esteem needs include achievement, independence, status, dominance, prestige, self-respect, respect from other individuals, self-actualization which plays a very important role in realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal advice for growth and development. This theory helps nurses and health care professional to motivate patients suffering from different types of disorders and diseases (Maslow, 2013). Nurses should provide proper information to the patients that would help in improving the journey in the hospital. It would also help in reducing anxiety,depressive symptoms, stress and pain in them. If there is a lack of proper communication it would lead to a delay in the treatment and sometimes may cause serious ill effects in them. This may lower the trust of patients in healthcare services provided by the nurses and healthcare professionals.They may also misunderstand and get confusee about the medications and the treatment given by the clinicians.It may also lead to depressive symptoms and have a negative impact on the mental status of the patients. Family centered care aims to provide care that involves emotional support, motivation and guide the patient to fight with the disease They also help in curing depressive symptoms and other health issues associated with it by motivating to be positive in life. Healthcare professionals involving nurses and clinicians who provide care to their patients should have a sense of responsibility towards their patients as well their family members. The clinicians should provide support and proper guidelines such as various precautionary measures to be taken during and after the treatment . They should also make sure they are there for their help and help them with any issues (Festini, 2014). This will help in improving the health of the patient and help her in getting well in less amount of time. There are several strategies that should be followed to improve the functional wellness of the patients such as taking proper care of their mental and physical health, helping her in interacting socia lly . She shpould also be provided cognitive behavioral therapy and palliative care that helps in changing the behavior and thinking of young individuals and makes them feel positive (Lehne Rosenthal, 2014). Cognitive behavioral therapy can be provided to Anne as it would play a significant role in improving her health and be positive in life. The main aim of this therapy is that it lays special focus on the issues and the problems and not on the causes of the symptoms faced by the individuals. These problems occur due to the psychological issues the patients face when they are diagnosed with a disease (Ehde, Dillworth Turner, 2014).Cognitive issues occur because the information is not encoded by the brain and stored in a proper manner .The nurses should have patience to tackle emergency situations which efficiency and provide proper communication with the family members. They should help them with empathy and also understand their needs and demands. Palliative care should be given to her in a proper manner which is special type of care to that provides relief from both physical and mental pain and stress. Nurses should undergo proper training sessions during there course and gain practical knowledge to deal with different types of patients. They should communicate effectively and should deal with aggressive patients in effective manner. The nurses and the clinicians should follow all the ethical principles while providing health care services to patients. They should discuss with the family members of the patients about their disease and the treatment procedure that will be followed (Mischel, 2013).They should provide appropriate health care services by using proper communication skills and ensure patient satisfaction. She should be given a proper counseling and psychosocial care to get rid of emotional health like pain, anxiety, distress and low self esteem occurred due to the health issues. There would be negative effects of hospitalization of the child, on the child and her family. The main reason behind it is that she is very young to bear the pain of the surgical procedure and she has been advised to stay in the hospital for 10 days which is quite longer for a child of 10 years. She might also not feel comfortable with nasogastric tube and other therapies such as morphine patient controlled analgesia, intravenous therapy and triple intravenous antibiotics. The family members of the patient also suffer from several issues due to hospitalization such as financial crisis, responsibilities related to house old, negative effects on the education of other children, and boredom (gotneset al.,2016). The hospitalization of Anne might lead to a huge loss in their restaurant business as well leading to depression and other mental issues in the family members. The family members of the patient should be taken care of by the hospital staff and provided proper help and avoid their tension and sadness.The nurses should pay respect and be compassionate towards them and also solve their problems and issues regarding the disease (Haley, 2016).They should provide individual attention to all their patients.This will have a positive impact on the well being and the emotional health of the family members. Doctors and healthcare professionals providing patient care should be responsibile towards their patients as well as their family members. They should be provided proper information regarding the treatment procedure, medicaments and the precautionary measures that will be taken by the patient should be given to the family members (Gordon et al., 2012).This will a bond of trust and care and a between the patient and the doctor and ultimately would develop a positive approach and reduce the stress about her condition. It reduces the complications in patients that lead to decrease in post operative complications. It also decreases the cost and the duration for which the patient is hospitalized. Various strategies should be taken into account to provide proper information to family members in order to provide proper patient care and satisfaction. Regular follow-ups should also be conducted for the patient to keep a check on his health. It can be summarized that Anne should be treated empathetically and with courteousness and should be counseled properly so that she can explain the severity of her pain and any other emotional issues.Various tools for the assessment of pain should be used if she is feeling discomfort. . The nurses and other healthcare professionals should help her and provide psychosocial care along with palliative care so that she gets well soon. Her family members should also be advised to take precautionary measures to prevent the mental and physical issues and take proper rest and sleep intake so that they do not have any negative health effects. References gotnes, G., Jacobsen, F. F., Harrington, C., Petersen, K. A. (2016). A Critical Review of Research on Hospitalization fromNursing Homes; What is Missing?.Ageing International,41(1), 3-16. Cobb, T. (2017). Appendicitis following blunt abdominal trauma.The American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Drake, F. T., Mottey, N. E., Farrokhi, E. T., Florence, M. G., Johnson, M. G., Mock, C., ... Flum, D. R. (2014). Time to appendectomy and risk of perforation in acute appendicitis.JAMA surgery,149(8), 837-844. Ehde, D. M., Dillworth, T. M., Turner, J. A. (2014). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for individuals with chronic pain: Efficacy, innovations, and directions for research.American Psychologist,69(2), 153. Festini, F. (2014). 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